Excavator.



No. M8214. PATENTED APR.17, 1906.

A. M. NDERSGN.

BXCAVATR.

APPLIUATIQH FILED 11m11.190s.

4 snEBTssHEBT 1V (b 05 ff ma Armen/frs n 510,818,214. A PATENT@ APR. 1v, le'ef A. M. ANDBBSGN.

EXCAVATOR.

urmouron FILED nun, ma.

4 sHnBTs-snm'r s.

PATENTED APR. 17, 19%l A. M. ANDERSON.

l EXCAVATOR.

APPLIGATION FILED uuu, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

H SH (dV S. U2 M n WTNESSES:

Vaga TTRNEYS No, 818,214, 'i PATENT@ MB, 1?, 19136! A. M. ANDfzhoN.

BXGAVATOR.

APPLIUATIOK FILED HAYH, N05.

4 BEBE SHEET iA WITIIE88E8: INVENTOR caf @im ufuzy Mme s M M Arronmfrs UNITED STATES PagENT OFFICE.

AUGUST M. ANDERSON, OF MOORHEAD, MINNESOTA. ExcAvATc-ni Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 17. 1906.

Application filed May 11, 1905- Ssrial No. 259,861.

To atl whoml it may concern.'

Beit known that I, AUGUST M. ANDERSON,

a citizen of the United States, and a residentv of Moorhead, in the county of Clay and State of Minnesota, have invented a nenr and Imroved Excavator, of which the following is a ull', clear, and exact description.

This linvention relates to excavators, and especially to machinery for Ina-hing ditches and trenches.

The invention is especially applicable in.

laying pipe-lines.

. The invention consists in the construction and combination of plarts, wbicly will be more fully described ereinafter and definitely set forth in the claims. f

view taken through a portion pf a plow and t Reference is to be had 'to the accompanying drawings, formin a part of this specification, in which simi ar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures. Y

Figure 1. is a. side-elevation of the machine, representn the same 'in operation. Fi 2 is a plan. ig. 3 is a horizontal section ta en through an excavating-wheelV which constitutes a feature of the invention. In =`tbis view contiguous parts are re resented in sec tion and broken awa ,as Nil appear. Fi .'4 is a section taken su stantially upon the ine` 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a devolo ed plan of the face of the excav ating-Whse and illustrating the arrangement of cutters or teeth carried by the wheel. Fig. 6 is a sectional the conti ous polfion. of .a conveyer'which .receives t e material from the plow. Fig.' 7 is a horizontal section taken through a por .'55 'A upon axles 7, which are pivoted at 8 at` their tion of thesteering'meehanim, am Fig. 8 is a section taken substantially upon the line 8 8 of Fig. 7. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 are upon an cular ed scale, as will a pear.

Re erring more articularly to the parts, and especially to jgs. 1 and 2, 1 represents the `frame ofthe machine, which comprises a pair .of oppositely-disposed parallel beams 2.

heee beams 2 are connected forwardly by a. cross-,beam 2*. Upon this frame a boiler 3, of any common type, such as-that shown, is mounted, the same being. disposed' prefer-'1 ably above driving-v heels 4, upon which the `rear portion ofthe frame is supported. Near Awhich facilitate the mounting of the forward Wheels. These forward Wheels are mountedV inner extremities to the beams 2, as illustrated. The outer extremities of these axles 7 are received in longitndinailyrdisposed guide openings or slots 9 which are founed 6o VVattire under edgesof the A rachats 5, as illustrated. This arrangement for mounting .the forward wheels reduces the wheel-base and facilitates the 4guiding of the rn'achne. As V illustrated most clearly in Fig. '2, the ex- 65 tremities of theaxles project beyond the brackets 5, and these projecting extremities have attached thereto a steeri -cable`1 0, which passes continuously aroun the brackets, passing over guide pulleys or sheaves 11' 7o arranged at thevouterportions-thereof, asindicated.- Near the forward portion ofthe" frame 1 this cable 10 passes over another guide-sheave'12, preferably arranged Icentrally of-the machine as shown. From this arrangement it shou d Ahe understood 'that if one side of the cable 10 is drawn-in while the otherside is let out the axles? vmay be thrown into corresponding inclinedl posi.- tons, so as to change the courseV of the machine Vwhen.advancing The details of the arrangement for effecting thecontrol of this steenng-cablewill be described more fully hereinafter. A t the rear extremities@ the beams2-a conveyor 13 isisup'ported, ,then same comprising. a glrder-like arm 14, which is pivotally attached at 15 to a bracket 16, the said brackets being vprovided witha plu# rality of openings 17, enabling the same to be adjusted vertically at their connection with the beams. t the extremities of the irderbody or girder 14 rollers 18 are provide over' which pass a'continuous belt or conveyor 19, carrying buckets 20, the construction of which -will be more fully described hereinafter. 'AtV the forward kextremity of the girder` 14 a pair of bow-frames or bows 21 are attached, and these are arranged in substantially, vertical plane, as indicated,` arid' ass upwardly ad'acent to the faces of the beams 2. .These ows are providedv with'a plurality of openings 22, through which rel j movable keys 23 pass in order toloclr'the" bow's to theV beams, as willv be readily under# stood. -As indicated .in Fig. `1,the'` ins -liezxog respectively en the upper and lower acesof the beams. At these pointsof connection betxen the beams 2 and the bows Abraclize't/sa roc understood. Near the lower'extrenxitifesfg il ollrtuhe bows 21 forwardly-projectingaikiixsgfd A `l '.24 a e provided, which conform strhstaritiail Milli. k to t described more fully herelnater. .I

' the (bows, as indicated.

of a removab I moun d in the extremities of the bealm shown.

are rigidly attached.- These arms preferabl consist of elongated plates. provided. wit sharpened forward ed es 26, ada ted. to cut their way in an earth ank,y as wil be readily understood. Between the arms 25 an excavating-wheel 27 is mounted upon a horizontal shaft 28, and-theouter face of this wheel is provided with a plurality of teethV or cutters 29, which are adapted to excavate the material in advance 'of the Wheel, as will be readily understood. The construction of this wheel and the manner of driving-the-same will be Ne'arr thelower ortions of the bows 21-and just "to the rearo the excavating-wheel 27 I provide a plow 30, which plow preferably consists of an lnclined plate 31, pivotall attached at 32 to t a point-removedfrom this pivot 32 this plate is provided with quadrantslor arcs 33, which enable the inclination of the late to be adjusted by means e bolt 34 and a plurality of` o en'ings 35, formed in thequadrants,l as s own.' y v. Y Themechanism of the machineisactuated b .an engine y36 of any common formhsuch ag that shwn. Asillustrated, this engine is 'mounted upon theboiler and operates torotate its shaft 37, which. is disposed transl` vei-sely Vof the machine, as indicatedin-,Fig 2. Near one extremity this shaft 37 is provided with asprocket-wheel' 38, over which a chain 39 passes, the said 4chain passing rear-p wardly,r solas to actuate a counter-shaft 40 disposed transversely. ofthe machine. and s 2 as Thiscounter-shaft 40 carries .au sprocket-wheel 41, receiving the chainv 39, as will be readily understood. At "substantially the middle point of this shaft 40 a sprocket-wheel 42 is attached, overwhich runs -a chain 43, and this chain actuatesthe,

'excavating-wheel 27 in' a manner which will presently 1ap ear. Recurring now to this excavating-w eel, and referring especially to Figs. 3, 43,', and 5, at its hubthe excavatingwheel comprises a sleeve 44, which envelope the shaft 28, as indicated, the same bein provided Lwith heads 45 for a purpose Whic will a pear` more ully hereinafter. Upon this slleve 44 a rotatable hub 46 is mounted, and this hub is'provided with a' plurality of annular disks 47, which nojet/'laterall' therefrom, as indicated. he riln 48 of t e wheel is of substantially `ylipdrical 'fform and formed in sections 48n and 48", which are, separated, as shown, so as-.to leave an opening therebetween. This rim 48 comprises an olter rim 49 and am inner rim 50, and it is nfgidl' connected with t e hub 46 by means o ra ial spokes 51, which attach to the sides of the disks 47, as indicated. The outer face of the rim 48 is studded with cutters or teeth ,their outer portions the with shoulders 56, which abut 'wheel 56 is formed 'enabling the wheel'to be rotated, as

, chain heads are- `tion, the lower extremity i said forward disconnected, it appearing that the joint(` 52. These teeth are preferably arranged in rows 53, the individua members whereof are war l `with respect to the direction of rotation o the whee They comprise Shanks 54, which pass through elongated openings in the outer rim, and the extremities of these shanks 5'4pr0ject through openings in the'inner rim an receive nuts 55, which secure the teeth in position, as' will be readily teeth lre provided against the At the cen- 4outer face of the rim, as shown.

` tral portion ofthe hub 46, which lies in the space between' the rim-'sections,'a sprocketand' over this s rocketwheel the driving-c ain 43 aforesai passes, willbe readily understood. That portion of the which vliespnear the 'excava ting-wheel is completely inlosed by a casing 57, which preferably entends back to` a pointto the rear of thebows 21. f, As indicated'inFig. 3,'the arms25 are vided with ope `through which the s aft- 28 passes,and at t preferably offset inwardly so as to', form osses 58, which rest against ,the extremity ofi-the sleeve 44. Betweemthe arms andthe heads 45 of the sleeve 44 end plates or heads are provided, which substantiallyclose the ends ofthe wheel, as indicated and fthese p preferably rigidly attac ed to the `heads 45 by bolts or rivets 60. The heads 59 are preferably, provided with openings constituting manholes, and these are closed 'by doors 61, as illustrated in Fig. l. /l

The construction of the conveyer, 13 will understood.' Near ,ese Openinsth arms are :L

now be described, referring especially to Fig.`

6. Thisfigure represents, partially in secof the conveyor ,neartheplow Therconve er comprises a continuous belt 19, referre to above, and the buckets 20ste referably attached thereto near the centra point of their bottoms by means of rivets or similar fastening devices 62. 'These bucketsare formed with rigid side walls 63 and rigid forward walls walls 64 being form'ed with downwardly-bent flanges 65, which are forwardly disposed, asshown, so as to'form recesses or pockets 66. The rear Walls 67v of the buckets are hinged to the bottoms thereof at 68, and the upper ed es of these rear walls are received 1n the aoresaid pockets 66. The forward extremity of eachbucket is received between the side walls of the bucket next in advance. From this arran ement the buckets may pass around the gui erollerelS very readily and without becoming rear walls adjust themselvcs'to the particu- 5 girder'14,"`as illustrated. Y .A

The mechanism ioroperati thejsteering-v cable l() will now bel fies'criber referring especiallyto. Figs." Tand 8j At afsuitabie point, preferably beneath lthe forwardpor.

which has athl-eadedfbore ,through which passes escrow-71. This s ererr4 is providedl with swivel-heads v`'2, .t which the extrenii2 tics of the cableAJ 1 0 attaeh,.as showh; thefsa'id' :5 cable passing aroundguidesheaves '73 for this purpose,4 The screw 71 isfforzned with a square head 74whi'ch head is mounted in the square bore 7,5, as indicsted, tiie` said bore, being formed in'4 the-enlarged ,c lindrical o shaft 76-of'a hegel. ear-'wheel 77.. A he bevel' ,gear-Wheel 'Elmeg @with Ea'bevel ear#v nron' 78, attached to the shaft 'i9 which s 'aft projectsrearwardly, as indicated in 1, to a point a'ttherear of thebeiler; where 1t caL g ries a suitable 'l1anfi-"wli'eel,80.Y Evidently by, rotating the handfwheel 80 thebevel gear-4 wheel 77 will be rotated, and this wheel transr'nits rotation tothe'scrwjl. way the screw 7l may b e advanced-longitudinally \hr either direction.,-V lt will then o fcourse' operaeto draw in upon oneside ofthe cable. 10, while the other side of the cable is l' t out.; E In order to enable the conveyor l to bel driven by the'eng'roe 36, theshaft 81of thef uppermost Lfuicle-roller 18 is extended, as indicated, anc a sprocket-wheel 82,01re1Y which a 'chain 83 passesx Eorw dly' of the engine-shaft 37 acounter-shal 84-isp`ro-` vi ed, which may be driven/ continuouslyV through ears 85, -leshi between the shafts.' counter slf t 84 carries a sprockebwheel 86,.'ov`ey which the chain 8f3 passes, as illustratdf.- -Upon the shaft 37} a,j clutch 87 is arra ,which enables the rota.' tion of the sh h 4 to'be discontinued with-A )ut sto i At 'e en 'ne 36. At apsirblepoit, and i /referably nearii ,he forward portion ofthe boiler 3, a drum 'S iroyiied, the same bein disposed horizon#y 1y and transversely-o .the machine,l asv Lletrated. At the extremities of this drum ables 89 attaclivfvfhich pass-'downwardly round guidesheaves 90, attached to the' ows 2l nearthe lower portions thereof, he extremities of these cables beingetiched'neai' the under 'side of the boiler, as diceteci .at 9L This' dramenebles th potinff the excavating-Wheel 2'? to be re .teil as desired. This drum is controlil om the 'countepshaftll by ineens of a rocket-chain 92, as indicated in Fig. 2.- pon the counterfshaft S4 at a suitable point :lutclx 93 is placed, ivhich enables the chain to'be thrown out of operative connection tion of the boileiB, I provide a bracket-171i),Y

' the shield thus form d.

deISlZOYCl. This Clutch A'Vould normally i lne open, as the position of the excavating-wheel would be seldom changed;

At the forward portion of the frame a feeddrum 94 is mounted upon a horizontal shaft,

fand thisdrum may be rotated by means of a chain 95, which passes forwga-dly from a sprocket-wheel 96, lcarried b :G Qillfifshat 84. This cham ma be o eatlisely connected -with the slat of t e 84 thruvh a clutch 97, as will be readily understood. z'This clutch 9? would norrnallj,r be closedvwhen the machine is in operation, sosfjoeablethe machine to be advanced oconveyed-forti'ardly Vinto the earth bank cable 9 8 iswound, `whichcable passes forwardly to va suitable anchor fastened 'in the ground orto at tree which isconveniently located. To the forward extremit of the freine 1 a sheave 99 is attached whi'c may be "desiredA y Y V- At a suitable pint, preferably beneath the IQar'portioriof t erame l, I provide shields or hangers 101,` which extend downward rortl'the beams 2 are disposed et a di tariceapagt whichis subfsideiirialls of the trench.. They perform the function of th teniporary curbing, which has 'hithe'tobeei set in place as the trenches arel excavated.' In order to prevent'the shields frox sersping'down the' s des of the trench, the forward extremities of the plates are preferabl b ent inwardly, so as to form lips 102, Kas ini Aieatelin Fig. 1,; V Theshields are pref- Yeralui'lcept-asuitablerlistance a art and rendere vahnstable byt a tumbuck e 103, as indieated in Fig. A2.' i YW'lihrethe machine isbeing used for laying Ya gipefliric'104, the laying of the pipe may be @med on While the machine is advancing and excavating material 'in front of the workmer'uii l Vliien such an operation is being effecled,"1 provide between the shields 100 a tail-plate 195. therworkmen would standin the space which is substantallyinclcise by the three sides of As the operation progresses ,the excavated dirt is dumpedto thejrear of "the-tail-plate 105, so that vthe trench is continuously lled behind the workmeri.v

In case a honlderor loose rocks should hej found-in the path of theexcavating-wlreel the saine to be removed.'

th the countershaft, as will be readilyunchine to advance by its own traction when dehingexcavated. Upon the feed-drum 94 a .100, which consist, substantially, of restanL ilar pletesheldin a vertical posltiomas-i'ncated, the same being supported by strais as shown. These-shields' retainers, Whichl'hiivent 'the felling in oi the i the aforesaid d in conjuntion Withthe cable 98 when It should be understood that the machine would be backed, so as to enable Y sired. Where a clit would not'b'e'lof great depth, the machine would be advanced in this manner, as the feedin or advance of vthe` The machine is advanced either byqthe, its ownv traction. By`

feed-cables 98 or by olperating the engine t e excavating-Wheel to suit the required taken. By means of the excavating-wheel is held inral to act'uate the. drum 68 27 is raised o'r lowered depth of the fcut to the removableA keys 23 .ixedposition at the desired depth. The rotation of the engine is transmitted tothe mechanism and in the manner fully described above, so as to rotate the excavating-wheel in .aforward direction.

. passes rearwardly to the conveyer and is carried rearwardl sired, it couldY trench behind the newlyner described above. trench is intended to be left open a spreader b bey dum ed back into the' aid pipe in `the-Inan- -is-used behind the inachiiie, which'runsron.

wheels and is formed withan inclined coiffer the dirt falls and ,by means of uplijm which w 'chis conveyed to one or both sidesof the successive cuts Ywith the mac attain .the

desireddepithufor the trench. Astheilnai chine advancesrit is steered by 4e Handwheel 80, operating through the m'hiinism and in the manner fully described above,` so as to throw the axles 7 into inclined posittl'on.

VVhn it is desired to move the machiiicfto a new eld ooperation, the? excavatii'i elevated position be-A wheel is hoisted to an tween the beams 2 and is held there bytransverse blocks resti on the beams and passiii4 under the whee i" aving .thus described my invention,

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In an excavator in combination, a frame, an arm pivotail attached thereto, bows attached toward the said arm and lvin adjacent to said frame, an excavating-Whse? carried forwardly of said arm,y and means for loc-king the same in a depressed position.

2. In an excavator, in combination, a frame, ari arm pivotally attached to said de of ((iiperation of the machine will' The excavated i'naterialv the buckets '26. linde` However, where the :substantially filling the frce extremity of said bows to said frame, an excavating-whee carried forwardly of said arm, and means for rotating said wheel.

n an excavator, in cbmbination, a

frame comprising a pair of substantially parallel beams, an excavating-wln1^eel, means for lowering said Wheel and elevating the same above said beams in'the space. between said beams, and means for -driving said wheel.

I n an excavator, in' combination, 'a frame comprising a. pair of substantiall par allel side beams, an arm pivotally attac ed to said beams, a conveyer'carrid Saffi-arm, an'excavating-wheel supported by saidlarm, forwardly of said conveyer, means for raising `and lowering: said arm and wheel, and. a-

cross-beam connecting saidside beams Vbel yond the path of said arm and wheel` ,y v

- anexcayatr, in combinatioman, excavatin -whei-,= a depre'ssible member carrysai wheeL a conve member, and a plow camedby said member,

d-said wheeL'and ada cavated material from sai wheel.

6.1111A lexcavator in combination, a' frame; excavating. mechanism carried there- `b ,1' meansy for advancing said frame, and selds carried by said frame and projecting into the s excavated by said mechanism said shiel constituting retainers for the wali threa'bout l' i frame, ashield under said fram and behind said excavating mechanism, and means for conveying 'the excavated material to a point" behind said Shield. b f

8.` excavating-wheel comprisin Vin combination, a transverse sulporting-iaft, a 4sleeve rigid therewith, a ub rotatably mountedon said'sleeve arim'carryi teeth, spo es connecting sai rim'gwith said hub and a fixed head attached to said sleeve an space surrounded by said rim.

9. In an excavati -rnachine, in com bina` tion, an exgavating-iiieel, a conveyer behind saidwheel and adapted to receive excavated material therefrom, a .plow between said wheel and' said .conveyiy and comprising a pivoted plate and a quadrantA attached to said plate an affording 'means theangular position thereof.V

In testimony whereof I. have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

AUGUST M. ANDERSON. Witnesses: l t

E. S. WALoo'i'r,

Toni` EDWARDS.

yer carried `by(A said t LIO f or adjusting 

